Primary Connections:

MA Science and Technology/Engineering Framework (2006)
(Massachusetts)

• Earth and Space Science > The Earth in the Solar System (Grade: 6 – 8)
• Earth and Space Science > The Earth in the Solar System (Grade: 3 – 5)
• Earth and Space Science > The Earth in the Solar System (Grade: 3 – 5)
• Earth and Space Science > The Origin and Evolution of the Universe (Grade: 9 – 10)
• Earth and Space Science > The Earth in the Solar System (Grade: 3 – 5)

National Science Education Standards (1996)
(National)

• Earth and Space Science > Earth in the solar system (Grade: 5 – 8)
• Earth and Space Science > Earth in the solar system (Grade: 5 – 8)

Secondary Connections:

National Science Education Standards (1996)
(National)

• Earth and Space Science > Origin and evolution of the universe (Grade: 9 – 12)
• Science and Technology > Understanding about science and technology (Grade: K – 4)
• Earth and Space Science > Objects in the sky (Grade: K – 4)
• Earth and Space Science > Origin and evolution of the earth system (Grade: 9 – 12)
• Earth and Space Science > Changes in earth and sky (Grade: K – 4)

MA Science and Technology/Engineering Framework (2006)
(Massachusetts)

• Earth and Space Science > The Origin and Evolution of the Universe (Grade: 9 – 10)
• Earth and Space Science > The Earth in the Solar System (Grade: 6 – 8)
• Earth and Space Science > Matter and Energy in the Earth System (Grade: 9 – 10)
• Earth and Space Science > The Origin and Evolution of the Universe (Grade: 9 – 10)
• Inquiry and Experimentation > Skills of Inquiry (Grade: 3 – 5)
• Earth and Space Science > Matter and Energy in the Earth System (Grade: 9 – 10)
• Earth and Space Science > The Earth in the Solar System (Grade: 6 – 8)
• Earth and Space Science > The Origin and Evolution of the Universe (Grade: 9 – 10)

NCTM Principles and Standards for School Mathematics (2000)
(National)

• Measurement > Apply appropriate techniques, tools, and formulas to determine measurements (Grade: 6 – 8)

References:

National Science Education Standards (1996)
(National)

• Earth and Space Science > Origin and evolution of the universe (Grade: 9 – 12)
• Earth and Space Science > Origin and evolution of the universe (Grade: 9 – 12)

MA Science and Technology/Engineering Framework (2006)
(Massachusetts)

• Technology/Engineering > Materials, Tools, and Machines (Grade: 6 – 8)
• Earth and Space Science > The Earth in the Solar System (Grade: 6 – 8)
• Earth and Space Science > The Origin and Evolution of the Universe (Grade: 9 – 10)
• Earth and Space Science > The Origin and Evolution of the Universe (Grade: 9 – 10)
• Technology/Engineering > Engineering Design (Grade: 9 – 10)
• Technology/Engineering > Materials and Tools (Grade: 3 – 5)
• Earth and Space Science > The Origin and Evolution of the Universe (Grade: 9 – 10)

NCTM Principles and Standards for School Mathematics (2000)
(National)

• Measurement > Understand measurable attributes of objects and the units, systems, and processes of measurement (Grade: 9 – 12)

Primary Connections:

MA Science and Technology/Engineering Framework (2006)
(Massachusetts)

• Earth and Space Science > 12 The Earth in the Solar System (Grade: 6 – 8)
  Recognize that the universe contains many billions of galaxies, and that each galaxy contains many billions of stars.
• Earth and Space Science > 15 The Earth in the Solar System (Grade: 3 – 5)
  Describe the changes that occur in the observable shape of the moon over the course of a month.
• Earth and Space Science > 13 The Earth in the Solar System (Grade: 3 – 5)
  Recognize that the earth is part of a system called the "solar system" that includes the sun (a star), planets, and many moons. The earth is the third planet from the sun in our solar system.
• Earth and Space Science > 4.5_ The Origin and Evolution of the Universe (Grade: 9 – 10)
  Broad Concept: Our solar system is composed of a star, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, and residual material left from the evolution of the solar system over time.
• Earth and Space Science > 14 The Earth in the Solar System (Grade: 3 – 5)
  Recognize that the earth revolves around (orbits) the sun in a year's time and that the earth rotates on its axis once approximately every 24 hours. Make connections between the rotation of the earth and day/night, and the apparent movement of the sun, moon, and stars across the sky.

National Science Education Standards (1996)
(National)

• Earth and Space Science > Earth in the solar system (Grade: 5 – 8)
  The earth is the third planet from the sun in a system that includes the moon, the sun, eight other planets and their moons, and smaller objects, such as asteroids and comets. The sun, an average star, is the central and largest body in the solar system.
• Earth and Space Science > Earth in the solar system (Grade: 5 – 8)
  Most objects in the solar system are in regular and predictable motion. Those motions explain such phenomena as the day, the year, phases of the moon, and eclipses.

Secondary Connections:

National Science Education Standards (1996)
(National)

• Earth and Space Science > Origin and evolution of the universe (Grade: 9 – 12)
  The origin of the universe remains one of the greatest questions in science. The "big bang" theory places the origin between 10 and 20 billion years ago, when the universe began in a hot dense state; according to this theory, the universe has been expanding ever since.
• Science and Technology > Understanding about science and technology (Grade: K – 4)
  Tools help scientists make better observations, measurements, and equipment for investigations. They help scientists see, measure, and do things that they could not otherwise see, measure, and do.
• Earth and Space Science > Objects in the sky (Grade: K – 4)
  The sun, moon, stars, clouds, birds, and airplanes all have properties, locations, and movements that can be observed and described.
• Earth and Space Science > Origin and evolution of the earth system (Grade: 9 – 12)
  The sun, the earth, and the rest of the solar system formed from a nebular cloud of dust and gas 4.6 billion years ago. The early earth was very different from the planet we live on today.
• Earth and Space Science > Changes in earth and sky (Grade: K – 4)
  Objects in the sky have patterns of movement. The sun, for example, appears to move across the sky in the same way every day, but its path changes slowly over the seasons. The moon moves across the sky on a daily basis much like the sun. The observable shape of the moon changes from day to day in a cycle that lasts about a month.

MA Science and Technology/Engineering Framework (2006)
(Massachusetts)

• Earth and Space Science > 4.8 The Origin and Evolution of the Universe (Grade: 9 – 10)
  Explain how the sun, earth, and solar system formed from a nebula of dust and gas in a spiral arm of the Milky Way Galaxy about 4.6 billion years ago.
• Earth and Space Science > 10 The Earth in the Solar System (Grade: 6 – 8)
  Compare and contrast properties and conditions of objects in the solar system (i.e., sun, planets, and moons) to those on Earth (i.e., gravitational force, distance from the sun, speed, movement, temperature, and atmospheric conditions).
• Earth and Space Science > 1.14 Matter and Energy in the Earth System (Grade: 9 – 10)
  Explain how scientists study the earth system through the use of a combination of ground-based observations, satellite observations, and computer models of the earth system, and why it is necessary to use all of these tools together.
• Earth and Space Science > 4.3_ The Origin and Evolution of the Universe (Grade: 9 – 10)
  Broad Concept: Gravity influences the formation and life cycles of galaxies, including our own Milky Way Galaxy, stars, planetary systems, and residual material left from the creation of the solar system. These objects move in regular patterns under the influence of gravity.
• Inquiry and Experimentation > Skills of Inquiry (Grade: 3 – 5)
  Select and use appropriate tools and technology (e.g., calculators, computers, balances, scales, meter sticks, graduated cylinders) in order to extend observations.
• Earth and Space Science > 1.4 Matter and Energy in the Earth System (Grade: 9 – 10)
  Describe the nature of the continuous emission and absorption spectrum that indicates the composition of stars.
• Earth and Space Science > 11 The Earth in the Solar System (Grade: 6 – 8)
  Explain how the tilt of the earth and its revolution around the sun result in an uneven heating of the earth, which in turn causes the seasons.
• Earth and Space Science > 4.7 The Origin and Evolution of the Universe (Grade: 9 – 10)
  Compare and contrast the various instrumentation used to study deep space and the solar system, e.g., refracting telescope, reflecting telescope, radio telescope, spectrophotometer.

NCTM Principles and Standards for School Mathematics (2000)
(National)

• Measurement > 2.5 Apply appropriate techniques, tools, and formulas to determine measurements (Grade: 6 – 8)
  solve problems involving scale factors, using ratio and proportion

References:

National Science Education Standards (1996)
(National)

• Earth and Space Science > Origin and evolution of the universe (Grade: 9 – 12)
  Early in the history of the universe, matter, primarily the light atoms hydrogen and helium, clumped together by gravitational attraction to form countless trillions of stars. Billions of galaxies, each of which is a gravitationally bound cluster of billions of stars, now form most of the visible mass in the universe.
• Earth and Space Science > Origin and evolution of the universe (Grade: 9 – 12)
  Stars produce energy from nuclear reactions, primarily the fusion of hydrogen to form helium. These and other processes in stars have led to the formation of all the other elements.

MA Science and Technology/Engineering Framework (2006)
(Massachusetts)

• Technology/Engineering > 1.0 Materials, Tools, and Machines (Grade: 6 – 8)
  Broad Concept: Appropriate materials, tools, and machines enable us to solve problems, invent, and construct.
• Earth and Space Science > 12 The Earth in the Solar System (Grade: 6 – 8)
  Recognize that the universe contains many billions of galaxies, and that each galaxy contains many billions of stars.
• Earth and Space Science > 4.5 The Origin and Evolution of the Universe (Grade: 9 – 10)
  Compare and contrast the motions of rotation and revolution of orbiting bodies, e.g., day, year, solar/lunar eclipses. Describe the influence of gravity and inertia on these motions.
• Earth and Space Science > 4.1 The Origin and Evolution of the Universe (Grade: 9 – 10)
  Explain the Big Bang Theory and discuss the evidence that supports it (background radiation, and Relativistic Doppler effect ~ red shift).
• Technology/Engineering > 1.4 Engineering Design (Grade: 9 – 10)
  Apply scale and proportion to drawings.
• Technology/Engineering > 1.0 Materials and Tools (Grade: 3 – 5)
  Broad Concept: Appropriate materials, tools, and machines extend our ability to solve problems and invent.
• Earth and Space Science > 4.2 The Origin and Evolution of the Universe (Grade: 9 – 10)
  Define the unit of distance called a light year.

NCTM Principles and Standards for School Mathematics (2000)
(National)

• Measurement > 1.1 Understand measurable attributes of objects and the units, systems, and processes of measurement (Grade: 9 – 12)
  make decisions about units and scales that are appropriate for problem situations involving measurement